网络订餐食品安全监管：基于智慧监管理论的视角
Food Safety Regulation of Online Meal Ordering： A Study from the Perspective of Smart Regulation

摘要 大数据时代下，“互联网+传统餐饮”而形成的网络订餐行业发展迅速，但也明显存在高信息不对称性、高外部性、高流动性、高风险性等特征，极易引发食品安全风险。遗憾的是，目前政府对此类新兴行业的监管速度、监管理念、监管手段等都存在较多不足。本文创新性地引入了智慧监管理论，对相关理论、观点进行了系统的梳理与整合，从监管理念、监管主体、监管手段、监管效果四个维度将智慧监管理论与传统“命令-控制型”监管理论进行对比，明确了智慧监管理论在破解网络订餐食品安全监管难题上的优势，继而利用智慧监管理论的四个维度，构建了基于智慧监管模型的政府、行业企业、社会力量和保障机制体制四位一体的大监管体系框架，提出了以智慧监管理论为指导、以有效运用政策工具和信息技术为核心、全方位多层次的综合治理解决方案，探索实现网络订餐食品监管协同参与、多方共赢的良好监管新机制。
Abstract：In the age of big data， online meal ordering industry fostered by Internet＋traditional catering industry witnesses a rapid increasing， however， there are also obvious characteristics of high information asymmetry， high externality， high fluidity and high risks and so on which can cause more food safety risks than offline catering industry. Unfortunately， there are many drawbacks in current regulatory systems such as its value， speed and tool. This paper introduces smart regulation theory， carries out systematized organization and integration of relevant theories and opinions， making clear advantages of the smart regulation theory in solving challenges on safety regulation of online meal ordering. It compares smart regulation theory with traditional “command and control type” regulation theory from four dimensions—regulation values， regulation bodies， regulation tools and regulation effects. And then， by using four dimensions of smart regulation theory， profound analysis is conducted on main causes for food safety regulation problems of online meal ordering. In addition， it offers a grand regulatory system framework based on government， food company， consumers and other guarantee mechanisms， advancing a series of policy solutions such as effective employment of policy tools and ICT application. By means of those frameworks and solutions， it can helps to foster a good and effective new regulatory regime in food safety of online meal ordering which can accomplish a winwin regulatory game.