两段式固定床芦竹催化热解实验研究
Catalytic Pyrolysis of Arundo Donax in a Two-Stage Fixed-Bed Reactor

作为一种产量巨大的生物质原料, 芦竹热解制取生物油的研究较少．为了探讨其作为热解原料的可行性以及得到高品质的生物油, 以HZSM-5为催化剂在两段式固定床反应系统中进行了芦竹催化热解实验, 研究了热解温度、催化温度和催化剂床层高度对热解产物分布以及对气体和液体组分的影响．结果表明：热解温度为500 ℃时, 液体产率达到最大值49.53% ; 在催化剂的作用下, 液体产物产率明显下降, 液体产物中的酸类、醛类、酯类、酮类等含氧物质的含量有所降低, 但轻质酚类和芳香烃等物质的含量明显增加．综合催化温度和催化剂床层高度的分析结果来看, 催化温度为500 ℃、催化剂床层高度为10 cm时, HZSM-5对油相品质的提高效果较为显著．
Until now there are few reports on fast pyrolysis of Arundo donax for bio-oil，though it has a huge yield. In order to investigate the feasibility of Arundo donax used as pyrolysis raw material and obtain high quality bio-oil，a two-stage fixed-bed reactor was designed to perform the fast pyrolysis of Arundo donax using HZSM-5 as the catalyst. The effects of pyrolysis temperature，catalytic temperature and the height of catalytic layer on the product distribution，liquid and non-condensable gas components were studied. The results show that the maximum liquid yield of 49.53% is obtained at 500 ℃. The presence of the catalyst reduces the yields of the liquid as well as the contents of the oxygen compounds like acids，aldehydes，esters and ketones while increasing the contents of light phenols and aromatic hydrocarbons in the oil phase. Considering the results obtained at different catalytic temperatures and heights of catalytic layer，it can be concluded that the quality of the bio-oil has a significant improvement when the catalytic temperature is 500 ℃ and the height of catalytic layer is 10 cm