过渡季节某大型阶梯教室内热环境的数值分析
Numerical Investigation on the Thermal Environment of a Large Lecture Theater in Transient Seasons

教室环境对学生的学习效率有着不可忽视的影响．为此，利用数值模拟的方法研究了西安某大学一座大型 独立阶梯教室内的热环境，并评价了其对室内人员舒适性的影响．将模拟季节选在一年中的过渡季节(环境温度处 于5～17,℃)，并选择了有代表性的教室内窗户关闭、学生穿着热阻为1,clo 服装的情景．计算结果显示：当环境温 度从7,℃变化到15,℃时，教室内学生、教师的体表温度和教室平均温度均随环境温度同程度提高．结果还表明： 在环境温度较低时(7～10,℃)，位于教室前排，以及靠近外墙、过道、后门的同学体表温度低，教室内热环境的舒 适性指标远低于舒适范围的下限；在环境温度较高时(15,℃左右)，教室内热环境基本可以满足舒适性要求．
The study efficiency of students is strongly subjected to the environment in the classroom．This paper studied the thermal environment of a large independent lecture theatre in Xi’an by means of numerical simulation and evaluated its effect on the thermal comfort of the people indoor．The transient season was chosen as the simulated period( the outside temperature is between 5,℃ to 17,℃)．Moreover，the scene of window closed and students wearing 1,clo clothing was selected as a representative situation．The computational results show that the students’ and the teacher’s surface temperatures with cloth and the average temperature in the lecture theatre increase equally to the growth of outside temperature(rising from 7,℃ to 15,℃)．The results also show that students in the front rows and near the external walls，pass ways and doors have a low surface temperature and the comfort index of the thermal environment in the lecture theatre is far below the minimum value of the recommended comfort range when the temperature outside is low(7,℃ to 10,℃)．However，the people in the lecture theater can obtain a satisfying thermal environment when the temperature outside is high(about 15,℃)