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- 2018
水库调节对下游鱼类栖息地适宜性的影响
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Abstract:
水库运行引发的天然径流情势改变会对下游河道水生生物栖息地产生显著影响．以海南省万泉河流域牛路岭水库下游加积至河口河段为对象, 选择区域内的典型经济鱼类(草鱼、鲢鱼、鳙鱼)作为目标物种, 针对鱼类整个生命周期(洄游、产卵、幼鱼、成鱼)构建栖息地适宜性模型, 耦合区域内的平面二维水动力模拟, 计算并分析水库调节对目标物种不同生命阶段栖息地适宜性的影响特性．结果表明：水库现有运行方案对目标物种洄游较有利, 对成鱼生长影响不大, 但却显著削减了年内整体的产卵适宜面积, 并使得大范围的幼鱼适宜栖息地消失．
The changes in natural river flow regime caused by reservoir operation can have a significant impact on the habitat suitability of downstream aquatic organisms. Taking the typical economic fish species(grass carp，silver carp and bighead carp)in the downstream of Niuluing reservoir in Hainan province(the section from Jiaji to the estuary)as the target species and considering their whole life processes(migration，spawning，juvenile fish and adult fish)，a more general fish habitat suitability model was established and coupled with the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model to analyze the effects of hydrologic regulation on fish habitat suitability. The results show that the present reservoir operation schemes are beneficial to fish migration and have little effect on adult stage. However，they have significantly reduced the suitable spawning area and caused the disappearance of a wide range of suitable habitats for juveniles
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