被建构的“自由行”：新闻话语的宏观语义、符号方式与权力关系
The Constructed Issue of “Individual Visit Scheme”: Semantic Macrostructures, Symbolic Devices and Power Relations of News Discourse

摘要 大众传媒的话语分析是在具体的社会认知和文化语境下，对新闻生产、组织和诠释过程的整体考量。本研究在话语分析的理论视角下，以香港报纸有关内地居民赴港“自由行”的报道为研究对象，考察媒体建构议题的宏观语义、新闻格局、修辞策略与权力关系。研究发现，报道通过核心框架与延伸框架的转化与发展，显性框架与隐形框架的话语置换，来实现话语的争辩与平衡，丰富文本的内涵与象征；通过标题的宏观规则、预设情节的二元对立与“符号精英”的言语反应，来实现对宏观结构分层语义的分类与编排；通过客观性修辞实践和隐喻的符号表征，来实现对新闻事实的探索和权力关系的选择性建构，从而完成对这一宏大议题的筛选、重组和再现。
Media discourse analysis is the overall consideration on the process of news production, organization and interpretation in the specifc social and cultural context. In order to understand the semantic macrostructures, news schemata and rhetorical strategies of media construction on this specifc issue, a research was conducted on the report of “Individual Visit Scheme” by three Hong Kong newspapers in the theoretical framework of discourse analysis. The fndings show that, in the selection of news frames, the debate and balance of discourse was achieved by the transformation and development of core frames and extended frames; the text connotation and symbol was enriched by discourse replacement of dominant frames and invisible frames. In the categorical classifcation and order arrangement of news schemata, a series of discourse strategies were used, such as the macrorules of news title, plot presupposition and verbal reaction. In the use of rhetorical strategies, the rhetoric of objectivity and symbolic representation of metaphor were utilized, so as to complete the multiple narrative on this issue under the control of power