汉密尔顿与出版自由：新闻法制史的考察 ——兼对“二元对立”框架生成的反思
Hamilton and Press Freedom: A Review of the History of Press Law

摘要 国内学者常以为汉密尔顿和杰斐逊的出版自由思想是对立的。为了修正这种“二元对立”的认知框架，本文梳理汉密尔顿所经历的三个历史事件，深入探讨汉密尔顿的出版自由思想。分析《权利法案》入宪之争，可知汉密尔顿认为没有必要把《权利法案》写进宪法，但其反对理由中看不出他是否定出版自由的。他之所以支持《煽动法》，是因为该法包含了事实真相可以作为抗辩依据以及陪审团具有事实与法律裁决的权力这两项原则，而这也是他在克罗斯威尔案中极力辩护的。本文继而分析了这三起事件在反映汉密尔顿出版自由思想上的历史关联。最后还探究了汉密尔顿在本土研究中的缺失，以及国内学者为何会形成杰斐逊和汉密尔顿的出版自由“二元对立”的认知框架。
Domestic scholars often think that Hamilton and Jefferson's press freedom ideas are opposite. In order to revise this dualistic thinking, this paper examines the three historical events that Hamilton had experienced. In terms of the debate on the Bill of Rights, Hamilton thought that they didn't need to write the Bill of Rights into the constitution, but he didn't deny the freedom of press. The reason why Hamilton supported the Sedition Act is that this act contained two principles which the law allowed truth as a defense and the jury had the power to judge both the facts and legal doctrines, and these two principles were fully embodied in Croswell case defense.On this basis the paper analyzes the historical connection of above-mentioned three events in terms of press freedom ideas. Finally, this paper further explores the absence of Hamilton and the construction of dualistic thinking framework in the domestic studies