南水北调中线水源区土壤侵蚀变化趋势分析
Soil Erosion Change in the Water Source Region of the Middle-Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project (SNWTP)

摘要 为保护区域的生态环境和维护丹江口水质安全, 基于遥感和地理信息系统技术, 以Landsat TM和HJ-1A/B遥感影像和DEM高程数据为数据源, 对南水北调中线水源区2000 年和2011年的土壤侵蚀进行评价, 分析土壤侵蚀的变化趋势。结果表明: 12年来, 研究区土壤侵蚀总面积下降了234.72×104hm2 (下降42.15%), 47个县中有46个土壤侵蚀面积均呈减少趋势, 降幅为13.23%~75.92%; 土壤侵蚀强度构成以轻度、中度和强烈侵蚀为主, 轻度、中度、强烈、极强烈、剧烈的侵蚀面积分别下降了24.81%, 50.34%, 47.41%, 48.24%和49.15%。研究结果说明南水北调中线水源区土壤侵蚀有较大改善, 生态环境保护与建设取得显著成效。
Abstract In order to protect the regional ecological environment of water source region of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project (SNWTP) and maintain the water quality security of Danjiangkou Reservoir, based on remote sensing and geographic information system, this study used Landsat TM and HJ-1A/B as data source to analyze the dynamic tendency of soil erosion in 2000 and 2011 in the water supplying area. The findings are as follows: in the past 12 years, gross area of soil erosion has decreased 234.72×104hm2 (42.15%), 46 in all 47 counties shows a trend of decrease, from 13.23% to 75.92% concretely; soil erosion intensity is mainly light, moderate, strong, the areas of light, moderate, strong, ultra strong, intense have dropped 24.81%, 50.34%, 47.41%, 48.24%, and 49.15%, respectively. The finding demonstrates that soil erosion problem in this area has been improved considerably, and remarkable achievements have been made in ecological construction and environmental protection.