海底表层天然气水合物藏采掘工具设计研究
Research on Design of Mining Tools of Marine Gas Hydrates Reservoirs

由于海洋非成岩水合物藏没有封闭盖层，常规的开采方法不能直接应用，为此周守为院士提出了固态流化开采的新方法。固体流化开采技术的关键在于设计出一种能够全方位破碎并收集水合物的采掘工具。为此，参照现有的海底破岩工具，设计了一种全新的海底天然气水合物采掘钻头，该钻头既可沿竖向破碎水合物，又能沿横向破碎水合物，还能够实现快速聚碴、高效排屑的效果；其次建立了该钻头的有限元仿真模型，并利用Fluent软件对其进行流场分析。研究得出该钻头内部流体在不同工况下的速度分布规律，证明该钻头具有很好的可使用性。
As non-diagenetic hydrate does not have cap, it is difficult to directly apply the conventional mining methods. To exploitate non-diagenetic gas hydrate, Academician Zhou Shou Wei proposes a new idea of mining-solid fluidized technology for shallow seafloor hydrate. The key to this new mining technology is to design a comprehensive collection and exploitation mining tool. Therefore, we design a new marine gas hydrate mining tool based on the existing undersea rock-breaking tool, which can smash hydrate in both the vertical and horizontal directions. Besides, this mining tool can achieve rapid poly ballast and efficient chip. By establishing finite element model and making use of Fluent software for flow field analysis, the velocity distribution of the internal fluid can be obtained in different conditions, which can prove the good workability of the tool