复合材料多钉连接结构自动建模与钉载分析技术研究
Research on the Auto-modeling and Analytic Method of Load Distribution for Multi-bolt Joints in Composite Structures

采用壳单元模拟相连接的板，梁单元模拟螺栓，并用PATRAN中的Gap单元与MPC多点约束实现板与螺栓的接触与相互约束，较好地模拟了复合材料多钉搭接板结构在外载荷作用下的翘曲变形。经验证，该模型能较精确地预测单搭接和双搭接结构的钉载分配比例。基于此二维模型，针对多钉连接结构的几何特点，建立起一套具有共性的网格划分策略。编写基于PCL语言的参数化建模程序，读取数据库文件中的参数数值，可自动、快速地建立该类型结构的有限元模型，实现钉载计算的快速有效分析。
In this paper, the connected plates are simulated by shell elements, and the bolts are simulated by beam elements. Gap elements and MPC in PATRAN are used to simulate the contacts and constrains between the bolts and plates, which are capable of simulating the warping deformation of multi-bolt composite joints by external forces. It is verified that the results of bolt load distribution are relatively accurate for both single-lap and double-lap models. On the basis of this kind of two-dimensional finite element models, we establish a common approach to meshing the model according to the geometric features of multi-bolt composite joints. The procedure of parametric modeling is programmed with PCL, and the program can build FE models of this kind of structures automatically and rapidly with reading the data in the corresponding data files, so as to realize the fast calculations for the bolt load distribution