人耳曲面特征点提取与形状分类方法研究及应用
An Approach to Design Earphones by Extracting Characteristic Points and Classifying Shape of Auricular Conchae

为了设计穿戴舒适和防滑落的耳机，采集和扫描了310位年龄为18~28岁中国年轻人耳印（男性169只，女性141只）；集合曲面曲率理论，通过对RhinoScript的二次开发，完成耳甲腔复杂曲面5个特征点三维坐标的自动和准确提取；利用SPSS对耳甲腔10个特征距离统计分析，结果显示耳甲腔的形状及尺寸存在显著性差异，且男性特征距离的均值均大于女性；基于特征距离及特征点分布情况将耳甲腔的形状划分为27组，并计算出每一组针对耳机设计的耳甲腔基本形状；同时求得每一组人数占比，为耳机的人机工效学设计和生产提供了6组优先组；最终基于分类的结果对耳机进行设计、3D打印及穿戴试验，验证了该分类方法的可行性。
In order to design wear-comfortable and anti-slip earphones, the shape difference and classification of the auricular conchae were studied based on the investigation to 310 young Chinese (169 males and 141females) aged 18 to 28 years. The study combined curvature theory with RhinoScript secondary development to extract 3D coordinates of 5 characteristic points from each 3D digital model (obtained by scanning 310 ear impression prototypes) automatically, then 10 characteristic distances can be obtained accurately. The statistical analysis was carried out on the shape differences of the auricular conchae by SPSS. The results showed that the shapes of the auricular conchae among the participants existed significant differences, and the average dimensions of auricular conchae for males are generally larger than those for females. Furthermore, the auricular conchae shapes were classified into 27 groups based on the characteristic distances. For each group, the coordinates of 5 common-characteristic points were determined and the basic shape was summarized. Statistically, the percentage of the samples in each group was given and 6 prioritized groups were suggested by considering the percentage to be more than 5%. Finally, this study demonstrated the feasibility of the classification method by the design of earphone, 3D print and wear verification