金属板料单点渐进成形自适应螺旋线轨迹生成研究
Adaptive Spiral Tool Path Generation in Single Point Incremental Forming of Sheet Metal

等高线成形轨迹是现行板料渐进成形的主要加工方式。针对等高线成形方式易产生局部凹陷或破裂等问题，提出了一种基于STereo Lithography（STL）三角面片法向矢量的自适应螺旋线轨迹的生成算法。利用顶点偏置法偏置STL三角面片模型，对偏置后的模型采用自适应分层算法求取分层面与模型的交点，得到与XY平面平行的系列轮廓线，并将各层轮廓线离散成等数点，再对相邻轮廓上点的插值得到自适应螺旋线轨迹。算法实例表明，螺旋线成形轨迹能缩短成形时间，可避免等高线成形中刀位点集中造成的质量缺陷等问题。此外，双成角成形件不同区域表面粗糙度的一致性，说明自适应螺旋线轨迹在变成形角成形件上能避免等高线成形件表面粗糙度的多样性，在统一变成形角成形件表面粗糙上具有广阔的运用前景。
The equal height track is the main processing method of sheet metal incremental forming. Through the equal height track forming mode of existence problem analysis, a to Vector Adaptive spiral tool path generation algorithm based on STereo Lithography(STL) model patch method is proposed. By using vertex offset offset method of STL data model, to offset model of STL model by using adaptive slicing algorithm of calculation model and hierarchical surface intersection, and Z axis is parallel to the contour and the contour is discredited into numbered by point of adjacent contour interpolation is to adaptive spiral trajectory. Finally, the case shows that the shape of the spiral line can greatly shorten the forming time, which can avoid the surface quality caused by the cutter location in contour forming. In addition, in the test of the shape forming part, the trajectory generated by the algorithm can ensure the surface quality of the formed parts. the spiral forming trajectory generated by this algorithm can greatly reduce the forming time, which can avoid the surface quality problems caused by the tool head and the sheet metal. Meanwhile, double angle forming parts in different regions of the surface roughness of consistency and that adaptive spiral trajectory in forming into shape piece can avoid the contour forming surface roughness of diversity, in a unified into angular forming surface roughness on has broad application prospects