挖掘机动臂焊接残余变形的热弹塑性有限元分析
Analysis of Welding Residual Deformation for Excavator Boom By Using Thermal Elastic-plastic Finite Element Method

采用建立的以温度为控制参数的分段移动温控型热源模型作为焊接热源,利用一系列加速收敛、减少增量步数等技术,在保证高精度的前提下,高效的完成了挖掘机动臂热弹塑性有限元分析,预测了挖掘机动臂残余变形量,并与实际测量值进行比较分析。结果表明,残余变形在垂直方向呈收缩,水平方向前侧拉伸、后侧压缩,整体存在翘曲现象,与测量结果十分吻合。模拟结果准确预测了残余变形演变规律。分段移动温控型热源模型具有操作简便、计算效率高、模拟精度高的特点。
Through the thermal elastic-plastic finite element method, welding residual deformation of excavator boom was successfully predicted by the segmented moving temperature-controlled volume heat source model as welding model and adopting a series measures, which has high precision. Comparing the simulation results with the measured, the which shows that the residual deformation has a contraction in the vertical direction, the front stretch and the rear compression in the horizontal direction, the global existence of the warping phenomenon, which is in an accordance with the measured. The simulation results accurately forecast the evolution of welding residual deformation and serve as a basis for control of welding residual deformation. The characteristic of segmented moving temperature-controlled volume heat source model is easy to adopt, high efficiency and high precision