汽油机音调噪声评价模型的改进
Improvement of Tonal Noise Evaluation Model in Gasoline Engine

汽油机工作时辐射的噪声有很大一部分是由齿轮、风扇等旋转机械部件产生的音调噪声，在定量评估用户的主观偏好性时，需要考虑音调噪声的负面影响。然而，研究中发现Aure's音调度与主观偏好性的相关性很低，不足以充分反映音调特性对主观感受的影响。详细地分析了Aure's音调度的数学模型，找到了Aure's音调度与主观偏好性的相关性低的原因，依据音噪比（TNR）能更好地表达噪声中音调分量所占的能量比，且与主观感受的相关性较好，提出基于TNR对Aure's模型进行改进，建立了一种改进的音调评估模型。结果表明，所提出的改进模型在汽油机声品质研究中有足够的相关性，提高了音调度模型的准确性。
The operating sounds radiated from internal combustion engine include tonal noise components caused by rotating mechanical parts such as the gears, fan and so on. The negative effects of tonal noise components need to be considered for the quantitative evaluation of users' subjective preference. However, it is found that the correlation between Aure's tonality and subjective preference is too low to fully reflect the influence of tonal characteristics on subjective feelings. In this paper, the calculation model of Aure's tonality is analyzed in detail to find the cause of decreasing correlation. Based on the tone-to-noise ratio, which can better express the energy ratio of tonal components in noise and has a higher correlation with the subjective feelings, an improved tonality evaluation model is proposed. As a result, it has been confirmed that the proposed tonality evaluation model has sufficient correlation and improves the accuracy of the tonality model in the research on sound quality of internal combustion engine