载荷发生频次和超载迟滞的耐久性载荷谱编制方法研究
Compilation Methods of Durable Load-spectrum upon Spectral Frequency and Overload Retardation Effect

国内所编制的所有型号飞机的载荷谱，均是代表机队平均使用情况的疲劳载荷谱，而未编制耐久性载荷谱，解决这些问题无论是对我国新一代飞机的研制，还是对旧型飞机使用延寿都迫在眉睫。本文在研究与总结现有载荷谱编制方法及载荷谱处理的关键技术基础上，提出了两种耐久性载荷谱的编制方法：1）对各级载荷发生频次进行概率统计，增大各级载荷发生频次，进而形成较为严重的耐久性载荷谱，即基于载荷发生频次的耐久性载荷谱编制方法；2）将载荷谱中的高载降低为较低级载荷，削弱其对后续小载荷的迟滞效应，使得所编制的载荷谱偏严重，即基于超载迟滞效应的载荷谱编制方法。根据上述两种耐久性载荷谱的编制思想，编制了基准载荷谱和两种耐久性载荷谱，并对这两种载荷谱进行对比试验。通过试验结果证明，本文提出来的两种编制方法均可以达到预期的严重效果，满足耐久性载荷谱的编制要求。
All sorts of fatigue load-spectrums authorized at home are on behalf of fleets' average usage cases at present, rather than durable load-spectrum. The solution to the problem is necessary and extremely urgent for not only the development of domestic new generation of aircrafts, but also the used flights' longer lifetime. This contribution proposes two kinds of compilation methods of durable load-spectrum, which on account of the summary of the existing load-spectrum compilation methods and the key technology of the load-spectrum processing. One of which is form a more serious durability load-spectrum, carrying out the probability statistics of the load frequency at all levels and increasing the load frequency, based on the spectral frequency of the load-spectrum methods. This a more serious load-spectrum, which in view of the load-spectrum with overload retardation effect, by depressing the high load to a lower load in the load-spectrum, and relaxing its retardation to subsequent small load. This paper draws up the standard load-spectrum and the new durable ones, and compares the two methods, according to the theories of the above-mentioned methods. Proved by the result of experiments, the proposed both methods can achieve the expected serious effect, meeting the demands of the durable load-spectrum