积水跑道飞机翻边轮胎溅水机理研究
Mechanism of Water Spray Generated by Aircraft Chine Tire Running on Wet Runway

轮胎滚动引起跑道积水飞溅进入发动机将导致发动机喘振甚至熄火，已有的飞机滑跑试验和经验证明采用具有翻边设计的轮胎可减小溅水与地面的夹角，减小发动机进水的可能性，但对翻边抑制溅水相关机理的研究仍十分匮乏。采用有限元软件LS-DYNA中的SPH/FEM耦合方法对翻边轮胎溅水机理开展分析计算。首先改进了轮胎数值模型和加载方式并验证了模型的有效性，研究了翻边轮胎溅水随滑跑速度的变化规律。其次基于特征位置水粒子的速度变化，分析了翻边抑制溅水的作用机理，通过比较不同深度水深的溅水速度分布说明翻边的作用。最后基于翻边高度和角度对轮胎溅水影响的研究，对优化的翻边构型进行了探索。
The spray water generated by aircraft tire might lead to the compressor surge or even flameout if it entering aircraft engines. The previous test and numerical simulation result show that chine tire could reduce the angle between spray water and ground, which could reduce the chance of water entering engines. The related researches are still inadequate nowadays. In this paper, the mechanism of water spray that is influenced by chines is investigated by coupled smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and finite element (FEM) method in LS-DYNA software. Firstly, the numerical model of aircraft tire and the load applying method are improved and validated, and then the model is used to analyze the influence of aircraft velocity on water spray angle. Secondly, based on the analysis of velocity of fluid particles, the water deflecting mechanism of chine is proposed. The velocity variation of fluid particles with different water depth is compared to illustrate this mechanism. At last, an optimized shape of chine is proposed based on the study of the influence of chine height and angle on water spray