高空长航时无人机飞控机容错技术研究
Research on Fault-Tolerant Flight Control Computer for High Altitude Long Endurance Unmanned Air Vehicle

高空长航时无人机对飞行控制计算机提出了高可靠性要求，使用余度容错飞控计算机是提高安全可靠性的重要途径之一。从系统的可靠性指标出发，兼顾系统体积、重量、成本和余度管理方式，提出了一套结合通道自监控和比较监控双因子的飞控计算机方案，该方案规避了n模冗余结构表决器单点故障的缺陷，满足无人机高可靠、低成本、扩展性强等要求；针对高空长航时无人机多等级余度飞控系统，提出一种基于核心参数完整性的通道有效性方法，该方法中主备传感器可靠性模型由整机余度模型优化为分级余度模型。最大限度的提高系统的资源利用率，有效提高飞控计算机的容错能力，同时也提高了传感器子系统的可靠性。运用故障注入技术对飞控系统进行测试，试验结果表明该方法能够有效提高系统故障覆盖率和故障隔离率。
With the development of high altitude long endurance UAV,Flight Control System in high altitude long endurance UAV must have so strong failure tolerance ability that it can improve the whole system reliability. Using redundancy technique can extremely improve failure tolerance and reliability of flight control system. Compared among civil and military aircraft and UAV, the architectures and redundancy management of fault-tolerant flight control computer (FCC)systems are introduced. Then, give a new architectures and redundancy management of fault-tolerant FCC systems for high altitude long endurance UAV. The experimental results show that the system meets the UAV's demand of high reliability, low cost and good expansibility, maximize the utilization of system resources and effectively improve the fault tolerant capability of airborne computer and the reliability of sensor subsystem. With fault injection test method, the results show that the fault tolerant methods improve fault detection rate and fault isolation rate