内燃动车组柴油发电机组振动特性分析
Vibration characteristics analysis of the internal combustion EMU diesel generator sets

摘要 建立了柴油发电机组六自由度数学模型，分析了机组的六阶振动模态，研究了机组的模态耦合特性；同时计算了柴油机组的激励，基于新型预测-校正积分法对机组振动响应进行了时域积分，得到了机组各阶自由度的振动响应，并采用旋转机械振动烈度的频域计算方法计算了机组的振动烈度，最后对机组隔振器悬挂刚度进行了优化.研究结果表明：机组的横摆、侧滚、摇头三阶模态因为模态耦合的缘故使得机组的横向振动过大；机组的纵移和点头模态虽然耦合在一起，但由于纵向不存在激励，机组纵向振动可以忽略不计；而机组的沉浮模态解耦度较高，单独参与了机组的垂向振动；机组隔振器优化后，机组的横向振动烈度由优化前的26.39 mm/s降低至16.65 mm/s，机组的振动得到了有效控制.
Abstract：The dynamic model of diesel generator sets with six degrees of freedom is established. The sixth-order vibration modes are analyzed and the modal coupling characteristics are researched. Simultaneously,the response of all degree of freedom of the diesel generator sets are obtained based on the new forecast-correction time domain integration method after calculating the excitation. And the vibration intensity of the diesel generator sets are calculated based on the frequency domain integration method for rotating mechanical vibration intensity.At last the suspension stiffness is optimized. The results show that the horizontal vibration becomes very intense because of the yaw, roll and shaking head modal coupling effect.The longitudinal vibration becomes negligible because of the lack of exciting in the longitudinal direction of the diesel generator sets,although the existing horizontal-moving and node coupling effect are coupled.The pitch mode can be highly decoupled, so it acts alone to make vertical vibration. The transverse vibration intensity decreases from 26.39 mm/s to 16.65 mm/s after the stiffness optimization of absorber. As a result,the vibration is brought under effective control.