车轮多边形对车辆振动及轮轨力的影响
Influence of wheel polygon on vehicle vibration and wheel/rail force

摘要 针对国内车轮多边形现象日益突出，应用ANSYS和SIMPACK软件建立考虑轮对柔性的车辆刚柔耦合系统动力学模型，研究车轮多边形对车辆振动及轮轨力的影响并提出不同阶次的车轮多边形限值.研究表明：轮轨垂向力波动随车轮多边形幅值的增大而增大，但不随多边形阶次的增加而线性增大；轮对弯曲振动频率会与轮对的侧滚与转臂的点头频率相耦合，如果由车轮多边形产生的振动频率在该频率范围内，将会产生共振；根据轮轨力上限值170 kN提出300 km/h速度下1~20阶车轮多边形波深限值，特别是11阶车轮多边形的波深不宜超过0.07 mm.
Abstract：For the polygonal wheel phenomenon becoming increasingly prominent, a rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamics model is established in ANSYS and SIMPACK considering the flexible wheelset. The influence of polygonal wheels on the vehicle vibration and the wheel rail contact force is studied. The results show that the fluctuation of the wheel/rail vertical force increases with the increase of the polygon wave depth, but does not increase with the increase of the polygon. The bending vibration frequency of the wheel pair can be coupled with the nod frequency of the wheel set and the rotating arm. If the vibration frequency generated by the polygon of the wheel is in the range of the frequency, the resonance will occur. According to the wheel/rail force upper limit value 170 kN, the 1~20 polygon wave depth limit value at the speed of 300 km/h is proposed, especially the wave depth of the 11 wheel polygon is smaller than 0.07 mm.