重载货运铁路实测负荷特性和冲击特性的研究
Research on load characteristics and impact characteristics of heavy freight railway

摘要 电气化铁路具有运营成本低、运输能力大、行驶速度快和节能环保等特点，但是电气化铁路负荷作为一种大功率、非线性和波动性很大的负荷，必然会对电力系统电能质量带来诸多不利的影响.本文通过实测大准铁路负荷数据，介绍测试方法，分析重载货运变电所电流电压规律，总结铁路负荷特性，建立牵引供电系统仿真模型.利用实测数据，从电压偏差、负序和谐波3个方面分析铁路负荷特性和冲击特性对电能质量的影响.
Abstract：Bearing the advantages of low operation cost, large transportation capacity fast running speed and energy saving, the electrified railway is also environmental friendly.However, as a high-power, non-linear and volatile heavy load, the electrified railway load is bound to bring a lot of adverse effects on the power quality in power system. After measuring the load data of Dazhun railway, a testing method has been introduced in this paper. Through analysis of electric current and voltage regulation in heavy freight substation, the characteristics of railway load are summarized. Problems along the railway location are discussed, and a simulation model of traction power supply system is thus established. On the basis of measured data, the effect of railway load characteristics and impact characteristics on power quality has been analyzed from three aspects including voltage deviation, negative sequence and harmonic.