大功率电力机车异步牵引电机的典型故障研究
Research on typical faults of asynchronous traction motor for high power electric locomotive

摘要 通过分析相电流信号，对大功率电力机车异步牵引电机的两种典型故障——转子断条故障和定子绕组匝间短路故障进行故障诊断，建立电机故障情况下的有限元模型并进行仿真.结果表明，电机故障引起了三相电流不对称，基于故障后的三相电流，利用频谱分析法和对称分量法进行后处理运算，可以提取到明显的故障特征，能够有效的诊断转子断条故障和定子绕组匝间短路故障.实验所得结果与仿真及理论分析吻合，证明了故障模型的正确性，也验证了基于相电流信号的故障诊断方法的有效性.
Abstract：Based on the study of phase current signal, two typical faults of high-power electric locomotive of asynchronous traction motor, including the fault of broken rotor bar and inter-turn short circuit of stator winding, are diagnosed, and the finite element model built under the condition of motor fault is simulated. The results show that the asymmetry of the three-phase current is caused by the motor fault. The three-phase current under fault condition is post-processed through the spectrum analysis method and the symmetrical component method, thus extracting fault features in order to diagnose the fault of broken rotor bar and inter-turn short circuit of stator winding effectively. The results from test are consistent with the simulation and theoretical analysis, which proves the correctness of the fault model and also verifies the effectiveness of the fault diagnosis method based on phase current signals.