植物生长调节剂对长柄扁桃种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响
Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Amygdalus pedunculata

以5个长柄扁桃品种的种子为试验材料，研究种子形态特征和生长调节剂对扁桃萌芽和幼苗生长的影响，为长柄扁桃育种栽培提供理论依据。用游标卡尺和天平测定种子的形质特征；以蒸馏水浸泡处理的种子作为对照，计算和分析由赤霉素（GA3)、过氧化氢（H2O2)、半胱氨酸(Cys)、水杨酸（SA)、6-苄氨基嘌呤（6-BA)、蛋氨酸（Met)处理的扁桃种子的萌芽及幼苗生长状况。结果表明，1）用蒸馏水浸泡后的各长柄扁桃种子的萌芽率与千仁重、种仁体积呈正相关；除6-BA处理外，在其他处理中，长柄扁桃2号和长柄扁桃4号的萌芽率均高于其他3种扁桃。2）GA3和H2O2处理的各品种种子，其萌芽率、发芽指数都明显高于同一品种对照；Cys和Met处理的种子，其各指标与同一品种对照没有明显的差异；6-BA和SA对种子的萌发有明显的抑制作用。3）H2O2处理的种子，幼苗生长最好；GA3处理的种子，幼苗根系和茎生长均呈偏细长型，幼苗生长较弱；6-BA处理的种子，幼苗根系和茎均呈偏钝粗型，幼苗生长量（体积）较高，但长势弱；与对照相比，Met和Cys处理对幼苗的生长没有明显的促进作用，甚至还有抑制作用。综合以上结果可知，经H2O2处理的长柄扁桃2号和4号萌芽率和发芽指数较其他处理和品种都高，且幼苗生长状况最佳。
Seeds of five Amygdalus pedunculata varieties were used as materials to examine their morphological characters and the influences of plant growth regulators on seed germination and seedling growth to provide theoretical basis for breeding and cultivation. Gravimetric and morphological characteristics were detected with vernier caliper and scales. Distilled water was used as the control when seeds were treated by different chemicals, such as gibberellic acid (GA3), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), cysteine (Cys), salicylic acid (SA), 6-benzyl amino purine (6-BA) and methionine (Met). The results showed as follows, 1) after the seeds were soaked with distilled water, their germination rates were positively correlated with the thousand kernel weight and kernel volume. Except for the seeds treated with 6-BA, the germination rates of the seeds of variety No. 2 and No. 4, which were treated by other chemicals, were higher than other three varieties. 2) The germination rate, germination index of the seeds treated with H2O2 and GA3 were significantly higher than those of the control, while no significant differences were observed when treat with Cys and Met. 6-BA and SA exhibited obvious inhibitory effect on seed germination. 3) The growth of the seedlings grew best in the H2O2 treated group, while in GA3 treated group, seedlings growth was weak and their roots and stems growth were slants thin. Seedlings treated by 6-BA were in partial blunt with thick roots and stem, and seedling growth (volume) was higher while the growth potential was weak. No significant growth promotion effects were observed in Met and Cys treated groups. It was concluded that germination rates and germination indices of variety No. 2 and No. 4 treated by H2O2 were higher than others, and the seedling growth was the best