西宁市22种城市森林植物叶片解剖结构的抗旱性分析
Drought Resistance on Anatomical Structure of the Leaves of 22 Urban Forest Plants in Xining

在干旱缺水地区选择抗旱树种在城市森林可持续经营和维持城市森林稳定性方面有重要意义。利用石蜡切片法、指甲油印迹法以及数理统计分析方法，研究了西宁地区常见22种城市森林植物叶片解剖结构及其生态适应性，并对其解剖结构特征进行了主成分分析及聚类分析。结果表明：在10个抗旱性指标中选取角质层厚度、下表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度4个主因子进行聚类分析得出，柠条为第1类抗旱性；沙棘、沙枣、紫丁香、丝棉木、暴马丁香、山桃、香荚？o、榆叶梅、金叶莸、河北杨为第2抗旱类；白蜡、山杏、水蜡、木藤蓼、紫叶李、欧洲白榆为第3抗旱类；牡丹、珍珠梅、小叶丁香、连翘、紫叶小檗为第4抗旱类。
The selection of drought resistance tree species in arid area is very significant in forest management. Based upon paraffin sectioning method, nail oil seal technology and mathematical statistics analysis method, the leaf anatomical structures of the 22 species of ornamental plants occurring in Xining urban area were analyzed and compared by PCA and cluster analysis to analyze their ecological adaptabilities.Thickness of lower epidermis, cuticle thickness of upper epidermis, layers of palisade tissue, thickness of palisade tissue were chosen form the ten drought indicators as the main factors. The cluster analysis results showed that Caragana korshinskii was the first type, the second type included Hippophae rhamnoides, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Syringa oblata, Euonymus meaackii, Syinga reticulata var. mandshurica, Prunus davidiana, Viburnum farreri, Amygdalus triloba, Caryopteris clandonensis, Populus hopeiensis, the third type included Fraxinus chinensis, Armenia casibirica, Ligustrum obtusifolium, Fallopia aubertii, Prunus cerasifera cv. Atropurpurea, Ulmus laevis. Paeonia suffruticosa, Sorbaria sorbifolia, Sytinga microphylla, Forsythia suspensa, Berberis thunbergii cv. atropurpurea were the forth type