福州市夏季绿植广场VOCs变化特征研究
Dynamics of VOCs in Green Plant Square in Summer in Fuzhou

利用开放式采样和自动热脱附-气相色谱/质谱联用（ATD-GC/MS）的方法，对福州市五一广场有机挥发物（VOCs）成分和浓度进行研究。结果表明： 1）五一广场共监测出219种VOCs，包括烷烃类45种、烯烃类17种、醇类15种、醛类16种、酮类12种、酸类11种、酯类29种、芳香烃类31种、其他类43种，各类物质的相对含量占总挥发物有机物含量的百分比分别为12.85%、5.79%、12.28%、6.78%、4.93%、5.63%、16.59%、29.58%、5.95%； 2）7:00总有机挥发物的浓度和数量都高，但浓度和数量的日变化趋势不一致，两者没有直接的相关关系； 3）五一广场中苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯等苯系物质主要来源于汽车尾气，含氧有机挥发物和烯烃中的萜烯类物质（蒎烯、雪松烯）主要来源于五一广场的绿色植物释放，五一广场植物改善了区域空气质量。4）市民在广场的游憩锻炼活动应该避开有毒挥发物聚集时段，选在对人体健康有益挥发物成分释放的集中时间段出行。避开上下班高峰时段，锻炼选在5:00-7:00、11:00-13:00、21:00-1:00这3个时间段进行，其余时间段有毒有机挥发物相对含量相应较高。
In order to study the composition and concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Wuyi Square of Fuzhou, the method of open sampling and ATD-GC/MS were used. The results indicated that 1) 219 species of VOCs were detected, the main ingredients include 45 species of alkanes, 17 species of olefins, 15 species of alcohols, 16 species of aldehydes, 12 species of ketones, 11 species of acids, 29 species of esters, 31 species of aromatic hydrocarbons, 43 species of others, which accounted for 12.85%, 5.79%, 12.28%, 6.78%, 4.93%, 5.63%, 16.59%, 29.58% and 5.95%, respectively. 2) Concentration and quantity trends were inconsistent. The number of species was not directly related to the concentration. The highest concentration and quantity of the total volatile organic compounds were observed in 7:00. 3) BTEX which included benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and other substances were mainly from vehicle exhaust in Wuyi Square, oxygenated volatile organic compounds and olefins (pinene, cedrene) mainly came from plants release. Wuyi Square plants improved regional air quality. 4）Citizens should avoid the time that toxic substances intensively released to exercise and recreate，especially in the rush hour, instead, Choose the periods that focused on volatiles which released beneficial to human health. Three time periods, 5:00-7:00,11:00-13:00,21:00-1:00 were very suitable for this purpose