半夏连作的障碍效应及其缓解措施初探
Obstruction Effect of Continuous Cropping on Pinellia temata (Thumb) Breit and Its Mitigation Measures

通过对重茬地、2 a和4 a前种植过半夏的土壤进行再植，测试半夏的连作障碍效应，以土壤、种茎消毒及撒施重茬肥等措施组成不同组合（A1、A2、A3、A4、A5）处理2 a轮作地土壤进行半夏连作障碍效应的缓解效果测试。统计调查田间农艺性状及产量，测定不同处理下半夏叶片中的叶绿素和块茎中琥珀酸、还原糖、生物碱、可溶性蛋白的质量分数。结果表明，与4 a轮作半夏相比，连作半夏幼苗长势较弱，叶绿素质量分数和产量均显著低于4 a轮作，其块茎中浸出物和琥珀酸质量分数均未达到药典标准，块茎中还原糖、蛋白质和生物碱质量分数最低；2 a轮作处理半夏叶片偏黄，长势依然较差，琥珀酸、还原糖、生物碱、可溶性蛋白质量分数均高于连作，且低于4 a轮作；半夏连作障碍效应的缓解试验结果表明，A4和A5处理下半夏生长状况显著高于对照和其他组处理，其中A5处理半夏块茎琥珀酸、还原糖、可溶性蛋白等有效成分质量分数最高，对半夏的障碍效应缓解效果最佳。
In order to verify the effect of continuous cropping obstacle in Pinellia ternata,P.tematawere planted in continuous cropping,with 2 and 4 years planting of Pinellia ternata,the biological test of replanted soil was conducted, and then P.ternatatuber were planted in 2-year rotation soilas treated by disinfection of soil and tuber,also cooperated with cropping fertilizer which be mitigated disorder effects on P.ternata. The agronomic characters and yield were investigated by the field of statistics, and also measured the mass fractions of chlorophyll, acid, reducing sugar, alkaloid and soluble protein of P.tematawere different treatments.The results showed that compared with P.ternata of 4-years rotation, continuous cropping P.ternata seedling was the weakest, and the chlorophyll mass fraction and yield were significantly lower than that of the former. Tuber extracts mass fraction and succinic acid mass fraction of continuous cropping P.ternatadid not meet the standard of national pharmacopoeia, the mass fraction of sugar, protein and alkaloid was the lowest; The leaf of 2-year rotation of P.ternata were yellow and the growing condition was still not good.The mass fractions of chlorophyll, succinic acid, reducing sugars, alkaloids and soluble protein in 2-year rotationwere lower than the treatments of 4-year rotation, higher than that of continuous cropping; The test on mitigating continuous cropping obstacle of P.ternata results showed that the treatments of A4 and A5 processing pinellia tuber growth condition was significantly higher than that of the control and other groups.For the effective mass fractions of succinic acid, reducing sugar, soluble protein, A5 processing pinelliwas the highest,so it had the best effect on continuous cropping obstacle of P.ternata.