6种宿根花卉在土壤干旱胁迫下的生理变化与抗旱性关系
Relationship between Physiological Change and Drought Tolerance in Six Perennial Flowers under Drought Stress

为筛选北京地区抗旱节水花卉，以阔叶风铃草、蓝花棘豆、龙芽草、黄芩、野古草和‘小兔子’狼尾草6种宿根花卉为材料，连续30 d进行自然失水胁迫处理，第31天恢复水分供给，每5 d取样测定叶片相对含水量、相对电导率、游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及POD活性的变化，用隶属函数值法对6种宿根花卉的抗旱性进行综合评价。结果表明，干旱胁迫第30天，6种宿根花卉的萎蔫率为‘小兔子’狼尾草（100.0%）>黄芩（83.3%）>蓝花棘豆（26.7%）=野古草（26.7%）>龙芽草（23.3%）>阔叶风铃草（0），恢复水分供给后的第20天，蓝花棘豆、野古草、龙芽草和黄芩可发出新叶或叶片恢复正常，复活率超过70%以上，而‘小兔子’狼尾草复活率仅为16.7%。阔叶风铃草、龙芽草、蓝花棘豆、野古草、黄芩和‘小兔子’狼尾草的隶属函数值分别为0.624、0.593、0.520、0.431、0.339和0.215，与干旱胁迫下植株的形态变化基本一致。6种宿根花卉的抗旱性排序为阔叶风铃草>龙芽草>蓝花棘豆>野古草>黄芩>小兔子狼尾草。其中阔叶风铃草、龙芽草和蓝花棘豆的抗旱性与北京广泛应用的‘金娃娃’萱草、马蔺基本一致，可在北京绿化中推广应用。
The purpose of this study is to identify drought-resistant ornamental perennials in Beijing.Six perennials such as Campanula latifolia,Oxytropis coerulea,Agrimonia pilosa,Scutellaria baicalensis,Arundinella anomala and Pennisetum alopecuroides ‘Little Bunny’ were consecutively exposed to natural drought stress for 30 d prior to restoring water.The relative water content,relative conductivity,free proline,soluble sugar,soluble protein and POD activity were measured every five days.The subordinate function values were used to comprehensively evaluate drought resistance of six perennials.On the 30th day,the order of wilting rates was P.alopecuroides ‘Little Bunny’ (100.0%)> S.baicalensis (83.3%) > O.coerulea (26.7%) = A.anomala (26.7%) > A.pilosa (23.3%)>C.latifolia (0).On the 20th day after restoring water,O.coerulea,A.anomala,A.pilosa and S.baicalensis sprouted new leaves or became normal and the revival rates were more than 70%, P.alopecuroides ‘Little Bunny’ was only 16.7%.The subordinate function values of C.latifolia,A.pilosa,O.coerulea,A.anomala,S.baicalensis and P.alopecuroides ‘Little Bunny’ were 0.624,0.593,0.520,0.431,0.339 and 0.215,which were basically consistent with the morphological changes under drought stress.Drought resistance,from strong to weak was as follows: C.latifolia,A.pilosa,O.coerulea,A.anomala,S.baicalensis,P.alopecuroides ‘Little Bunny’.The drought resistances of C.latifolia,A.pilosa and O.coerulea were almost as same as those of Hemerocallis fulva ‘Golden Doll’ and Iris lactea var.chinensis which were widely used in Beijing,and these three perennials should be drought resistant alternatives to be popularized in Beijing.