苹果树腐烂病菌挥发性代谢物及其毒素活性
Volatile Metabolites and Toxin Activity of Valsa mali

研究苹果树腐烂病菌代谢产生的挥发性物质及其毒素活性。通过在树皮培养基中培养苹果树腐烂病菌，采用普通蒸馏法收集其培养滤液中的挥发性代谢产物，利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）分离各个成分，将各组分质谱图与数据库标准物质质谱图对比，初步进行结构定性，并利用苹果枝条对其标准物质进行毒素活性测定。结果表明，苹果树腐烂病菌在发酵过程中产生5种挥发性物质，分别为2-氟丙烯、异戊醇、2-苯乙醇、4-乙基苯酚、4-乙基-2-甲氧基苯酚，其中异戊醇、2-苯乙醇、4-乙基苯酚、4-乙基-2-甲氧基苯酚均对苹果树枝具有毒素活性。苹果树腐烂病菌产生的挥发性代谢产物对苹果树具有毒素活性，为苹果树腐烂病菌致病机理的探索提供新的思路与方向。
In order to study the volatile metabolites and its toxin activity of Valsa mali, Valsa mali was cultured in a medium with apple-tree-rind, the cultural-filtrate were distilled and the volatile-distilled were collected in ethyl acetate. The collected volatile was isolated by GC-MS, and its structures were characterized by comparing mass spectrum with that of standard compounds in the database.The toxin activity was bio-assayed on apple shoots. These results showed that 5 volatile compounds were produced by Valsa mali during fermentation in the apple-tree-rind medium, namely 2-fluoroprop-1-ene, 3-methylbutan-1-ol, 2-phenylethanol, 4-ethylphenol and 4-ethyl-2-methyloxyphenol. The last four compounds showed toxicity to apple shoots in bio-assay. the all results indicated that the four volatile compounds metabolized by Valsa mali were toxin to apple-tree, and this provides a new idea and direction for investigating the pathogenesis of Valsa mali.