营养钵育苗及施肥种类对富士苹果苗生长发育的影响
Effects of Different Seedlings and Fertilizers on Growth and Development of ‘Fuji’ Apple

通过研究施肥种类和不同育苗方式对富士苹果苗生长发育的影响，找出有效的栽培管理措施，为其推广应用提供理论依据。以2 a生乔化砧木富士（红富士/新疆野苹果）为材料，研究营养钵育苗及施肥种类对富士苹果苗生长发育中光合指标、主要矿质元素以及内源激素的影响。结果表明，营养钵苗光合能力普遍高于大田苗，其中有机复合肥对大田苗光合能力的影响最大，水溶肥对营养钵苗的光合能力影响最大；施用有机复合肥和水溶肥对营养钵苗和大田苗叶片矿质元素积累的影响较大；激素方面，营养钵苗整体上比大田苗的内源激素积累更适宜于花芽分化，施用羊粪对营养钵苗的花芽分化具有促进作用，施用控释肥对大田苗的花芽分化具有促进作用。
The purpose of the experiment is to find out the effective measures for cultivation and management, and provide a theoretical basis for popularizing and applying it two-year-old Fuji apples(Red Fuji /Xinjiang wild apple) were used as materials to investigate the the effects of differences among five fertilizer types and container cultivation on growth photosynthetic indexes，main mineral elements and lateral buds hormone mass fraction in Fuji apple seedlings.The results showed that the photosynthetic capacity of nutrition pot seedling trees were higher than that of the field seedling trees.The organic compound fertilizer had the greatest effect on photosynthetic capacity of the field seedling trees.The water-soluble fertilizer had the greatest effect on photosynthetic capacity of nutrition pot seedling trees.Application of organic fertilizer,compound fertilizer and water-soluble fertilizer had great effect on the accumulation of mineral elements of the leaves of the field seedling trees and the nutrition pot seedling trees.For lateral buds hormones mass fraction, the nutrition pot seedling was more suitable than the field seedling trees.The sheep manure had a certain positive effect on flower bud differentiation in the nutrition pot seedlings and the controlled release fertilizer was beneficial for lower bud differentiation in the field seedling trees.