不同栽培管理模式对麦田土壤物理性状及小麦产量的影响
Different Cultivation and Management Pattern on Soil Physical Properties in Wheat Field and Yield of Winter Wheat

在河南省温县祥云镇大尚村，设置农民习惯（FP）、节本高效（HE）、超高产(SH)、高产高效(HH)4个小麦栽培管理模式，研究不同栽培管理模式对冬小麦麦田土壤物理性状及籽粒产量的影响。研究结果表明，高产高效的栽培模式有利于降低20~40 cm土壤体积质量，提高大于0.25 mm颗粒粒径的土壤非水稳性团聚体和水稳性团聚体的组分构成，且小麦籽粒产量达8 945.75 kg/hm，显著高于农民习惯和节本高效处理，但与超高产栽培模式间差异不显著。通过本研究可知，高产高效栽培模式有利于改善土壤物理性状，提高小麦的穗数和穗粒数，最终提高籽粒产量。
In order to explore the effects of different cultivation managements on wheat soil physical traits and the grain production,field experiment was conducted at Wenxian county in Henan province.Four wheat cultivation patterns such as farmers practice（FP）,high efficient (HE),super high yield(SH),high yield plus high efficiency(HH) were used.The results showed that HH helped reduce 20-40 cm in soil bulk density,improved the non-water-stable soil aggregates and water stable aggregated composition component which was greater than 0.25 mm particle size,and grain yield of HH reached 8 945.75 kg/hm,significantly higher than FP and HE,but it was lower than SH.It is clear that HH helps to improve soil physical properties,increase the number of ears and grains of wheat,and ultimately improves grain yield.