密度和肥料对旱地芸豆品种经济性状及产量的效应
Effect of Density and Fertilizer on Economic Traits and Yield of Common Bean

为掌握芸豆品种群体结构动态变化，构建芸豆施肥模型，采用密度试验和“3414”肥料效应试验。结果表明：不同芸豆品种在不同密度条件下，其经济性状和产量表现不同。小粒型品种表现出随密度的增加产量持续增加，大粒型品种随密度的增加产量先增加后降低。试验品种大红芸豆‘YD混1’的最佳种植密度为 9.75 万株/hm；氮、钾肥对芸豆产量的影响表现为随使用量的增加先增加后降低的趋势，磷肥对芸豆产量的影响表现为随施用量的增加而增加。芸豆的推荐施肥量为氮肥48.93 kg/hm，磷肥45 kg/hm，钾肥55.28 kg/hm 。芸豆栽培中合理的群体结构和最佳的施肥量及其配比是提高芸豆产量的重要因素。
In order to make clear the dynamic changes of population structure and construct fertilization model of common bean. Density test,“3414” fertilizer effectiveness test were carried out.Experiments revealed as follows:the performance of economic traits and yield of different varieties of common bean under different density. The yield of minor grain cultivars increased with the increase of density,while the yield of grain cultivars first increased and then decreased with the increase of density. Optimum planting density of varieties ‘YD hun 1’ was 97 500 plants/hm; effects of N,K fertilizer increased the yield of common bean first and then decreased with the increase of fertilizer usage; P fertilizer effect showed yield of common bean increased with the increase of fertilizer application. The recommended dosage of fertilizer application on common bean was nitrogen fertilizer 48.93 kg/hm,phosphate fertilizer 55.28 kg/hm,potash fertilizer 45 kg/hm.Reasonable population structure and optimum usage and ratio of different fertilizer are the key factors for improving the yield of common bean.