Pina新等位变异 Pina-D1o的分离及分析
Identification and Analysis of New Puroindoline Pina-D1o

Puroindoline基因（Pina和Pinb）是控制小麦籽粒硬度的主效基因，决定小麦加工品质，分离该基因的新等位变异有利于小麦籽粒硬度性状的改良。采用同源克隆方法从节节麦（Aegilops tauschii，DD PI603224）中分离到一个Pina新等位变异 Pina-D1o。生物信息学分析表明，该基因编码区全长447 bp，编码148个氨基酸残基，具有小麦族作物PinA蛋白所特有的 WRWWKWWK色氨酸结构域和10个半胱氨酸所形成的5个二硫键结构。根据核苷酸序列构建的拓扑树， Pina-D1o与 Pina-D1m、Pina-D1n相同，均由功能性等位变异 Pina-D1a发生单基因突变而来，因而 Pina-D1o有可能来源于 Pina-D1a。可见，新等位变异类型 Pina-D1o的发现可以为小麦的籽粒硬度改良提供基因资源。
Puroindoline (Pina and Pinb) is the major genes which control the hardness of wheat grain，and it is one of the most important traits which determin the processing properties of wheat. In this study, a new Pina gene Pina-D1o was isolated from Aegilops tauschii (DD) PI603224 with the method homologous cloning. The bioinformatics analysis showed that the coding sequence of Pina-D1o was 447 bp, and encoded 148 amino acid residues. Pina-D1o had the tryptophan motif of WRWWKWWK and five disulphide bonds formed by ten cysteines, which were the specific domain of Pina. There was only one nucleotide base difference anong Pina-D1m, Pina-D1n, Pina-D1o and Pina-D1a, the three alleles derived from Pina-D1a. The new allele Pina-D1o provides a new gene resource for improving the hardness of wheat grains.