主干形桃树冠层3D模型构建及光截获与果实品质的空间分布研究
Study on 3D Trunk Model Construction of Peach Tree Canopies and Light Interception and Space Distribution of Fruit Quality

以6 a生主干形桃树为试材，研究树体空间的枝条分布、果实数量、果实品质及光截获效率（STAR）变化。应用三维数字化仪和PiafDigit软件对桃树进行数字化信息采集，构建冠层叶幕3D模型，按照树体空间坐标，将树体划分为16个区位(上、中上、中下、下，内膛、中内膛、中外膛、外膛等8个区域的交叉部分)。结果表明：①花束状果枝数量最多且主要分布于（1~1.8 m，40~60 cm）和（1.8~2.6 m，20~60 cm）；短果枝主要分布于（1.8~2.6 m，20~40 cm）和（>2.6 m，>60 cm）；中果枝主要分布于（1~1.8 m，>40 cm）、（>2.6 m，>40 cm）、（1.8~2.6 m，20~60 cm）；长果枝主要分布于（>2.6 m，>40 cm）和（1~1.8 m，>60 cm）；徒长性果枝主要分布于（1~1.8 m，>60 cm）。②在(>2.6 m,>60 cm)区域内果实数量最多，其次为（>2.6 m,20~40 cm）和（1.8~2.6 m,20~40 cm）。③在（1~1.8 m，<20 cm）区域内的果实色差最大；在(>2.6 m，20~40 cm)区域内的果实可溶性固形物°Brix值最高；在（<1 m，>60 cm）和（>2.6 m，<20 cm）区域内果实总酸质量分数最大；在（<1 m，<20 cm）和（<1 m，40~60 cm）区域内果实硬度最大；在(>2.6 m，<20 cm)区域内果实单果质量最大。④在（>2.6 m，<20 cm）区域内枝类STAR值最大，其次为（1.8~2.6 m，>60 cm）和（>2.6 m，>20 cm）区域内，与其他部位存在显著性差异。表明，果实的主要结果、高产区域(>2.6 m,>60 cm)和（>2.6 m,20~40 cm）不仅光照好、果实品质优而且中长枝数量多。
Three 6-year-old trunk peach trees were chosen as materials to study the branch distribution, fruit number, fruit quality and tree light interception from silhouette to total leaf area ratios (STAR). The structures of 3D representations of leaf canopy were digitized to obtain with an electromagnetic 3D digitizer and a PiafDigit software. The tree body was divided into 16 locations based on space coordinate to study the branch distribution, fruit number, fruit quality and tree light interception from silhouette to total leaf area ratios (STAR). The results showed that the largest number of bouquet branches distributed in (1-1.8 m,40-60 cm) and (1.8-2.6 m, 20-60 cm),the short shoots distributed in(1.8-2.6 m, 20-40 cm) and (>2.6 m, >60 cm), medium shoots distributed in (1-1.8 m, >40 cm),(>2.6 m, >40 cm) and (1.8-2.6 m, 20-60 cm),long shoots distributed in (>2.6 m, >40 cm)and（1-1.8 m,>60 cm),water sprouts distributed in(1-1.8 m,> 60 cm);the largest number of fruits could be found in (>2.6 m,>60 cm),followed by（>2.6 m, 20-40 cm）and（1.8-2.6 m, 20-40 cm);high spatial heterogeneity was observed for highest level chromatic aberration of fruit(1-1.8 m, <20 cm),the highest °Brix value of soluble solid (>2.6 m, 20-40 cm),the highest total acid mass fraction (<1 m, >60 cm); （>2.6 m, <20 cm),maximum firmness（<1 m，40-60 cm）and fruit mass (>2.6 m, <20 cm). (>2.6 m, <20 cm) area had the largest STAR value, followed by (1.8-2.6 m, >60 cm) and (>2.6 m, >20 cm), and there were significant differences among other parts. The study demonstrated that high-yielding areas(>2.6 m,>60 cm) and (>2.6 m,20-40 cm) with more