小茴香挥发油对红枣黑斑病菌的抑菌活性及其作用机制的初步研究
Antifungal Activity and Preliminary Mechanism of Essential Oil from Foeniculum vulgare Mill on Alternaria tenuissima

研究小茴香挥发油对红枣黑斑病菌抑菌活性及其初步作用机制，为开发植物源防治红枣黑斑病菌农药提供理论依据。采用微量稀释法测定小茴香挥发油对红枣黑斑病菌的最低抑菌体积分数(MIVF)，并研究小茴香挥发油对红枣黑斑病菌离体（菌丝、孢子萌发和生物量抑制作用）和活体的抗菌活性。采用碘化吡啶染色法测定小茴香挥发油对红枣黑斑病菌孢子细胞膜的损坏。结果表明，小茴香挥发油对棉花黄萎病菌的MIVF为0.312 mL/L，小茴香挥发油对红枣黑斑病菌生物量、孢子萌发和菌丝生长有抑制作用且呈体积分数依赖关系。由碘化吡啶染色试验结果可知小茴香挥发油能严重破坏红枣黑斑病菌孢子的细胞膜而达到抑菌作用。
The objective of this study is to assess the fennel seeds essential oil (EO) against Alternaria tenuissima and its mechanism of action on A.tenuissima. The microbroth dilution method was used in the minimal inhibitory volume fraction (MIVF).The antifungal efficacy of EO from fennel seeds against A.tenuissima had been proven through in vitro (mycelial growth,spore germination and mycelium mass) and in vivo tests.The results showed EO from fennel was active in vitro against A.tenuissima and MIVF was 0.312 mL/L.Mycelial growth,mycelium biomass and spore germination were inhibited by the EO from fennel in a dose-dependent manner. The results also showed that the treatment of cells with EO from fennel,propidium iodide penetrated A.tenuissima through a lesion in its plasma membrane. Thus,the results indicated that EO from fennel could be potential source of plant-derived fungicides to control certain important A.tenuissima.