基质养分添加量对黄瓜穴盘苗肥料利用率的影响
Effects of Nutrient Addition in Substrate on Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Cucumber Plug Seedlings

为了明确基质中不同养分添加量对黄瓜幼苗生长发育及肥料利用率的影响，以黄瓜‘中农203’品种为试材，草炭、蛭石和珍珠岩按体积比3∶1∶1混合为育苗基质，基质养分添加量分别为1 500N-655P-1245K、600N-120P-600K、500N-100P-500K、400N-80P-400K、300N-60P-300K、200N-40P-200K和0N-0P-0K，测定基质养分变化规律、幼苗形态指标及肥料利用率等。结果表明：随基质养分添加量的升高，黄瓜幼苗根区基质养分质量分数呈增加趋势，黄瓜幼苗壮苗指数及肥料利用率等呈先升高后降低的趋势。基质养分添加量为500N-100P-500K时，培育的黄瓜穴盘苗质量较优，表现为壮苗指数增加及肥料利用率提高等，分别比其他处理提高9.06%~45.17%和5.17%~132.66%。
The purpose of this study is to explore scientific and rational fertilization techniques of the cucumber plug seedlings. With cucumber ‘Zhongnong No.203’3∶1 ∶1 peat, vermiculite, and perlite as substrate,the effects of nutrient addition in substrate on growth and utilization rate of fertilizer were studied before sowing,available N, P, and K mass fraction in substrate, morphological index of cucumber plug seedlings and utilization rate of fertilizer were determined. Nutrient content of substrate in root zone increased with the elevation of nutrient addition in substrate, while vigor index of cucumber seedling and utilization rate of fertilizer increased at first and decreased subsequently. A better addition of nutrient in substrate before sowing was 500N-100P-500K, the vigor index and utilization rate of fertilizer were higher than other treatments by 9.06%-45.17%, 5.17%-132.66%.