高黄酮荞麦资源的遗传多样性评价
Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Buckwheat Resources with Superior Flavonoids

利用SSR分子标记方法，对筛选出的51份高黄酮荞麦资源进行遗传多样性研究，试验结果表明，选用的50对SSR引物中，22对引物多态性丰富，共扩增出253个条带，检测到174个等位变异，总遗传变幅为0.56～1.00，27份苦荞和24份甜荞能够各自被聚为两大类。聚类结果显示，27份苦荞资源的遗传多样性并不受地理分布的影响，普遍亲缘关系较近；而24份甜荞的遗产差异则较大，表现出较为丰富的遗传多样性。用SPSS 19.0软件绘制荞麦的黄酮质量分数聚类图，与遗传聚类结果综合比较分析，发现27份苦荞资源的黄酮含量受其亲缘关系影响较大，与其遗传多样性的联系较强，而甜荞的并不明显。另外，亦从51份荞麦种质中，筛选出4份基因型相对独立且黄酮更高的苦荞品种，可作为高黄酮优质荞麦选育的基础。
Using the SSR molecular marker to study the genetic diversity of 51 buckwheat resources with high flavonoids contents (mass fraction),the result indicated that 253 bands had being amplified,within which 174 polymorphic bands were obtained. The overall genetic range was between 0.56 and 1.00,and 27 tartary buckwheat accessions could be separated as one cluster while the 24 common buckwheat varieties could be clustered as another. Specifically,the genetic diversity of tartary buckwheat was not affected by their geographic differences,thus presented a close genetic relationship but the common buckwheat had demonstrated more abundant genetic variations in this regard. In addition,the SPSS 19.0 software was applied to construct the dendrogram of flavonoids mass fractions,comparing with outcome of genetic diversity analysis,we found that the flavonoids contents of the 27 tartary buckwheat accessions could be influenced by their genetic relationships remarkably but such effect on common buckwheat was insignificant. Moreover,4 tartary buckwheat accessions which showed the particular genotype and higher flavonoids screened from these 51 resources,they could serve as the good foundation for the breeding of elite buckwheat varieties.