饲喂硬脂酸和癸酸对工蜂合成10-HDA的影响
Effects of Feeding Stearic Acids and Decanoic Acids on 10-HDA Synthesis in Worker Honeybee

为探讨硬脂酸和癸酸对工蜂合成10-HDA及其生物合成相关酶基因表达的影响，在工蜂基础日粮中添加不同质量分数的硬脂酸和癸酸，采用高效液相色谱法和半定量RT-PCR技术测定不同日龄段工蜂上颚腺10-HDA的合成量和相关酶基因的表达量。结果显示，工蜂日粮中添加不同质量分数的硬脂酸和癸酸可在一定程度上提高工蜂上颚腺10-HDA的产量，在工蜂5、10、15日龄时，w=5%硬脂酸组和w=1%癸酸组10-HDA的合成量均显著高于空白组（P<0.05），且全期10-HDA产量的平均值分别较空白组提高11.82%和13.37%。另外，w=5%硬脂酸组和w=1%癸酸组能使工蜂上颚腺10-HDA的分泌高峰提前，由原来的20日龄分别提前至15日龄和10日龄。同时，添加硬脂酸和癸酸后，工蜂在15日龄前的ETF-β和KAT基因表达量均增加。表明，硬脂酸和癸酸可影响工蜂10-HDA生物合成相关酶基因的表达，促进工蜂上颚腺合成10-HDA，在短时间内提高10-HDA的产量。
To investigate the influence of stearic acids and decanoic acids on the synthesis of 10-HDA and the expression of genes related to the biosynthesis in worker honeybee, 10-HDA production and the related gene mRNA levels were detected by adding different mass fraction of stearic acids and decanoic acids into the pollen feed from the feeding point of view. HPLC and semi-quantitative RT-PCR were used separately in the experiment. The results showed that adding different mass fraction of stearic acids and decanoic acids in the pollen feed could improve the synthesis of 10-HDA to a certain extent, in which the groups of w=5% stearic acids and w=1% decanoic acids had significant effect on the synthesis of 10-HDA (P<0.05) relative to the control groups for the bees in 5, 10, 15 day old. And compared with the blank group, the average productions of 10-HDA were increased by 11.82%, 13.37% respectively in the whole period. In addition, with addition of w=5% stearic acids and w=1% decanoic acids in the pollen feed, the 10-HDA secretion peak of worker bees was changed respectively from the original 20 days to 15 days and 10 days of age in advance. Meanwhile, ETF-β and KAT mRNA levels were up-regulated by feeding the pollen with exogenous substances before 15 days of worker honeybee. In conclusion, stearic acids and decanoic acids could up-regulate the expressions of ETF-β and KAT by which promote the synthesis 10-HDA synthesis and increase the yield of 10-HDA in a short time.