不同滴灌处理对冬小麦根系生长及干物质积累的影响
Effect of Drip Irrigation Quantities on Root Growth and Dry Matter Accumulation in Winter Wheat

为揭示不同滴灌处理对冬小麦根系生长及干物质积累的影响规律。采用PVC管栽试验，研究拔节期后每次每管滴灌量0.94 kg，4种滴灌量处理每管10.36 kg (滴11次,W4）、每管8.48 kg (滴9次,W3)、每管6.59 kg (滴8次 ,W2)、每管5.65 kg (滴灌6次， W1)对0~100 cm土层含水量、‘新冬18号’根系干质量、叶面积、光合势及干物质积累的影响。结果表明，随着滴灌次数和总滴灌量的增加，0~40 cm土层含水量也增加，拔节期至成熟期间根系干质量、叶面积、光合势、干物质积累量和产量增加，W4的最大根系干质量、最大叶面积、光合势、成熟期干物质积累量和产量分别较W1增加28.50%、71.77%、77.3%、37.75%、78.17%，产量构成因素中仅千粒质量随滴灌次数和总滴灌量的增加而不断增加。少量（每次30 mm）多次（11次内）滴灌方式的小麦生育中后期40 cm以下土层容易干旱，是导致冬小麦早衰，降低千粒质量和产量的主要原因。
To reveal the effect of quantities of drip irrigation on yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat root system,‘Xindong18’ was planted in PVC tubes, and four different quantities of drip irrigation, including each tube 10.36 kg (W4)，each tube 8.48 kg (W3)，each tube 6.59 kg (W2)，each tube 5.65 kg (W1),were arranged and evaluated root growth, leaf area, photosynthetic potential, dry matter accumulation and water content of 0-100 cm soil layers. The results showed that the quantities of drip irrigation treatment affected water content in 0-40 cm soil layers, increased root dry mass, leaf area, photosynthetic potential, chlorophyl and protein mass fraction of leaf, dry matter accumulation and yield.Compared with the treatment of W1, the biggest dry root mass, leaf area, photosynthetic potential, dry matter accumulation and yield in W4 treatment was increased respectively 28.50% , 71.77% , 77.3%, 37.75% and 78.17%. With drip water quantities increase, only 1 000-seeds mass increased among yield components. Under the treatment of many times little drip irrigation, eg nine times irrigation and 30 mm per times, soil below 40 cm was apt to suffering drought at the middle and late period of wheat growth, which may account for premature senescence of wheat and decreasing 1 000-seeds mass and yield.