陕西烟田主要病害种类调查与病毒分子检测
Investigation of Main Tobacco Diseases and Viruse Molecular Detection in Shaanxi

为明确陕西烟田病害种类，于2013－2015年对陕西烟田病害开展系统调查，鉴定出9种病害，分别是赤星病、白粉病、黑胫病、灰霉病、青枯病、角斑病、野火病、根结线虫病和病毒病，其中，赤星病、白粉病、灰霉病、黑胫病和病毒病发病普遍，危害严重；野火病、青枯病、角斑病和线虫病仅在个别烟田发生。烟草感染病毒的种类包括烟草花叶病毒（TMV）、黄瓜花叶病毒（CMV）、马铃薯Y病毒（PVY）、烟草蚀纹病毒（TEV）和烟草脉带花叶病毒（TVBMV），其中，CMV 、TMV、TEV和PVY检出率分别为23.6%、34.7%、21.3%和18.4%，TMV+CMV、CMV +TEV和CMV +PVY检出率分别为27.4%、24.9%和20.9%，烟田病毒复合感染普遍，造成损失较大。
To determine the pathogens of tobacco in Shaanxi province.Based on survey of tobacco fields from 2013-2015 in Shaanxi, nine kinds of diseases were identified respectively, such as brown spot, powdery mildew, black shank, gray mold, bacterial granville wilt, angle spot, wildfire, nematode root-knot and viral mosaic, of which brown spot, powdery mildew, gray mold, black shank, bacterial granville wilt, angular leaf spot and viral mosaic disease occured often in most years, and also leaded to serious destructions, reversely, wildfire and nematoda root-knot only happened in individual fields.Virus types of tobacco were made of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), potato virus Y (PVY), tobacco etch virus (TEV) and tobacco vein banding mosaic virus (TVBMV), among them the detection rate of CMV, TMV, TEV and PVY were 23.6%, 34.7%, 21.3%, 18.4% respetively, for TMV+CMV, CMV+TEV, CMV+PVY was 27.4%, 24.9%, 20.9% respectively, mixing of virus occured widely, it decreased large losses in Shaanxi.So this study provides important guidance for tobacco disease control in the production.