人工老化处理对糯玉米种子生理生化特性的影响
Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Waxy Maize Seeds during Artificial Aging

以糯玉米品种‘中糯1号’种子为材料，研究在高温（42 ℃）、高湿（相对湿度100%）条件下，人工老化处理过程中种子的活力、抗氧化酶活性、种子浸出液相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)质量摩尔浓度、可溶性蛋白质以及浸出液可溶性糖质量分数的变化，以揭示其劣变机制。结果表明：人工老化处理糯玉米种子的芽长、根长、发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数均随人工老化时间的延长逐渐降低；在糯玉米种子老化进程中，种子SOD、POD、CAT活性变化趋势相似，均随老化程度的加深而逐渐降低；随着人工老化时间的延长，糯玉米种子的浸出液相对电导率显著上升，浸出液可溶性糖质量分数逐渐升高，可溶性蛋白质质量分数表现显著下降趋势，而种子MDA质量摩尔浓度呈先升高后逐渐平稳的趋势。研究发现，在糯玉米种子人工老化进程中，种子劣变机制与膜损伤、氧化损伤和营养物质过度消耗有关。
Using the seeds of waxy maize ‘Zhongnuo 1’ as material, we investigated seed vigor, antioxidase activity, relative conductivity,molality of MDA, soluble protein and soluble sugar mass fractions during artificial aging at 42 ℃ and RH 100%. The results showed that with the increase of artificial aging time, shoot length, root length, germination potential, germination rate, germination index and vigor index decreased. With the increase of the aging time, activities of SOD, POD and CAT decreased significantly. The relative conductivity and soluble sugar mass fraction increased and soluble protein mass fraction decreased. The molality of MDA firstly went up and then gradually stable trend. In conclusion, during artificial aging, membrane damage, the heavy oxidative injury and excessive consumption of nutrients are positively correlated with seed deterioration mechanisms.