有机肥对半夏生长及产量的影响
Effects of Organic Fertilizer Application on Growth and Yield of Pinella ternate

通过盆栽试验，研究有机肥对半夏生长、叶绿素指数SPAD值、最大净光合速率及产量的影响。旨在探究增施有机肥对半夏生长及产量的影响，为半夏的合理施肥提出新的思路与依据。试验共6个处理，即不施肥（CK）、纯施化肥75 g/m（OF-0%）、用25%有机肥代替化肥（OF-25%）、用50%有机肥代替化肥（OF-50%）、用75%有机肥代替化肥（OF-75%）、纯有机肥（OF-100%）。结果表明：施用一定量的有机肥使半夏生长健壮，增施有机肥的处理OF-25%、OF-50%、OF-75%、OF-100%比纯化肥的处理OF-0%叶面积提高14%~18%，混施有机肥处理半夏的叶绿素指数SPAD较纯施化肥的高，半夏的产量较纯施化肥提高5%~10%。半夏的产量随有机肥用量的增加有所提高，但增幅不明显。OF-100%与OF-75%产量最高且相差不大，而在纯有机肥条件下半夏的繁殖系数最低，OF-100%较OF-75%的繁殖系数降低12%。综合评定用75%的有机肥代替化肥可提高半夏的产量且能保证繁殖系数较高，即施用本试验所用规格的尿素17 g/m（N≥46%）、过磷酸钙37 g/m（P2O5≥16%）、硫酸钾10 g/m（K2O≥51%）和有机肥852 g/m（有机质≥45%，总养分N+P2O5+K2O≥5%）。因此，在半夏栽培过程中增施有机肥可以促使半夏生长健壮，增大其叶面积，提高半夏叶绿素SPAD值，增加其产量。
The effects of organic fertilizer on Pinella ternate’ s growth, chlorophyll index SPAD,maximum net photosynthetic rate and yield were investigated in pot experiment to provide theoretical basis for Pinella ternate rational fertilization.Six fertilization treatments were set up as no fertilizer(CK), pure chemical fertilizer 75 g/m (OF-0%), 25% chemical fertilizer replaced by organic fertilizer (OF-25%), 50% chemical fertilizer replaced by organic fertilizer (OF-50%), 75% chemical fertilizer replaced by organic fertilizer (OF-75%), and pure organic fertilizer(OF-100%).The results showed that mixed application of organic fertilizer could improve Pinella ternate’s growth.Compared with only application of chemical fertilizer, mixed application of organic fertilizer resulted in higher SPAD and 14%-18% higher leaf area and 5%-10% higher yield, respectively.The yield increased with the of percentage of organic fertilizer, but the rate of increase was very small.The yield of OF-100% and OF-75% were close, however, OF-75% had 12% higher reproduction coefficient than OF-100%, therefore, OF-75% , with the fertilizer arrangement of 17 g/m urea（N≥46%）, 37 g/m superphosphate（P2O5≥16%）, 10 g/m potassium sulfate（K2O≥51%）, 852 g/m organic fertilizer （organic matter≥45%, total nutrient N+P2O5+K2O≥5%）, was the best recommendation for high yield and high reproduction coefficient.Consequently, the mixed application of organic and inorganic fertilizers could prompt vigorous growth of Pinella ternate and improve chlorophyll SPAD value, which resulted in higher grain yield.