陕西渭北地区苹果主栽品种的品质分析与评价
Fruit Quality Evaluation of Three Apple Cultivars in North Region of Weihe River in Shaanxi Province

为探求陕西渭北地区栽培环境条件下‘嘎啦’‘秦冠’‘富士’3 个主栽苹果品种果实品质的差异及其变异特征，于果实采收期在洛川、白水县 2 个主产地多点采集 3 个品种的苹果作为研究对象，分别对苹果的单果质量、体积、体积质量、果实硬度、可溶性固形物质量分数、可滴定酸质量分数、固酸比、钙质量分数进行测定，并运用综合指标法对不同品种的苹果品质进行综合分析。结果表明，渭北地区‘富士’综合品质最好，‘嘎啦’次之，‘秦冠’较差。3 个品种苹果品质间的差异主要取决于遗传因素，而 3 个品种内的个体品质变异性主要取决于农艺性状。
To investigate the difference and its variation characteristics of fruit quality of ‘Gala’ apple,‘Qinguan’ apple and ‘Fuji’ apple cultivated in north region of the Weihe River in Shaanxi province,the mature fruits of three apple cultivars were sampled at multiple sites of Luochuan and Baishui county at harvesting stage to analyze single fruit mass,fruit volume,volume mass,hardness,soluble solids mass fraction,titratable acids mass fraction,soluble solids to acidity ratio and calcium mass fraction,and comprehensive quality evaluation of apples was carried out based on these quality indicators.The results demonstrated that comprehensive quality of ‘Fuji’ apple was the best,and that of ‘Gala’ apple was better,‘Qinguan’ was the worst.The difference of fruit quality mainly depended on genetic factors,but the individual quality variability in each variety depending on agronomic characters.