马铃薯高效遗传转化受体体系的建立
Establishment of Receptor System of High Efficient Genetic Transformation in Solanum tuberosum L.

以4个马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）栽培种为材料，对其叶片、茎段和试管薯3种外植体再生体系进行研究，筛选与优化马铃薯遗传转化的受体材料和条件，建立马铃薯高效遗传转化受体体系。结果表明：茎段较叶片愈伤组织形成速度更快、诱导率更高。其中，‘陇薯3号’愈伤组织分化效果最佳，分化率和出苗率分别达100%和175.0%。在添加1.0 mg·L-1ZT+1.0 mg·L-1 IAA+0.5 mg·L-16-BA+0.2 mg·L-1 GA的MS培养基中，4个品种的试管薯均可通过直接分化再生系统分化成苗。其中，以‘青薯168’试管薯薯片出苗率最高(110.0%)。验证了试管薯作为转化受体，受基因型的影响小，转化周期短，是马铃薯遗传转化的最佳材料，进一步建立试管薯繁育及再生体系，为马铃薯遗传转化奠定良好的基础。
In this study, receptor system of highly efficient genetic transformation in Solanum tuberosum was established, it is the foundation for directional modified potato varieties(Solanum tuberosum L.) by genetic engineering technology.In three explant regeneration systems including leaf, stem segment and microtuber, six potato cultivars were used as materials to screen the appropriate receptor materials and optimize the transformation method. The results showed that the callus formation rate and induction ratio in stem segments were higher than those in leaves. Among the 6 cultivars, ‘Longshu 3’was the best material in callus differentiation with the differentiation rate of 100% and germination rate of 175.0%. All the microtubers of 6 cultivars can differentiate into seedlings without callus pathway in MS medium with additive 1.0 mg·L-1 ZT+ 1.0 mg·L-1 IAA+0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.2 mg·L-1 GA.The germination rate of microtuber discs in ‘Qingshu 168’(110.0%) was the best among 6 cultivars. The results indicated that microtuber was the best potato genetic transformation material with the advantages of short transformation cycle and low sensitivity of genotypes. This may be helpful to microtuber breeding and regeneration system.