陕北地区秦川牛及其多个杂交后代群体的遗传多样性
Genetic Diversity of Qinchuan Cattle and Its Hybrids in the Northern Shaanxi Province

为了解陕北地区黄牛的遗传多样性及遗传背景，采用直接测序技术对55头饲养在陕北榆林地区的秦川牛及其多个杂交后代群体的线粒体DNA D-loop区826 bp序列进行测定。结果表明，榆林地区黄牛D-loop 区序列A+T平均含量为61.5%，G+C含量38.5%；共检测到33种单倍型和84个变异位点，核苷酸多样度(π)为0.021 43,单倍型多样度(h)为0.970，表明陕北榆林地区的黄牛具有丰富的遗传多样性。NJ法聚类结果显示，该地区的黄牛品种或群体有2个母系起源。
To explore the genetic diversity and genetic background of Qinchuan cattle and its hybrids in Northern Shaanxi Province,826 bp mtDNA D-loop sequences from 55 Qinchuan cattle and its hybrids were sequenced and analyzed. The results showed that the content of A+T bases was 61.5%,while the percentage of G+C bases was 38.5%. We also found 84 mutation sites which identified 33 haplotypes.The nucleotide diversity was 0.021 43 and the haplotype diversity was 0.970,which indicated that abundant mitochondrial genetic diversity exists in cattle from Yulin region in Northern Shaanxi province.Phylogenetic analysis by using the NJ method showed that all the sequences were clustered into two major clades. The results indicated that there were two maternal origins to Qinchuan cattle and its hybrids in Yulin region.