开花期摘除雄蕊与花瓣对‘凤丹’牡丹结实性能和籽粒油脂成分的影响
Effects of Removed Stamens and Petals on Fruiting Characteristics and Seed Oil Ingredients of Tree Peony(Paeonia ostii) ‘Fengdan’ during Flowering Stage

以12 a生‘凤丹’牡丹植株为试验材料，在花朵盛开初期花药散粉前，分别人工摘除雄蕊、花瓣和雄蕊+花瓣，以自然开放花朵为对照，研究摘除雄蕊和花瓣对‘凤丹’牡丹结实特性及籽粒油脂成分的影响。结果表明：分别摘除雄蕊、花瓣、雄蕊+花瓣极显著地降低牡丹的结实能力(P<0.01)。摘除雄蕊、花瓣、雄蕊+花瓣各处理单果籽粒数量分别减少36.31%、34.72%和59.52%,单果籽粒干质量分别降低40.56%、42.90%和54.29%(P<0.01)。但摘除雄蕊、花瓣、雄蕊+花瓣各处理对牡丹籽粒种仁淀粉和蛋白质质量分数的影响不同，也一定程度地影响油脂脂肪酸组分，对籽粒种仁粗脂肪质量分数没有显著影响。可见，牡丹雄蕊和花瓣对授粉及籽粒初期发育有重要贡献，生产实践中采摘雄蕊和花瓣可能导致牡丹籽粒产量显著下降。
The effects of artificial removed stamens and petals on fruiting characteristics and seeds chemical ingredients of tree peony cv.‘Fengdan’ were investigated in the paper.The results showed that fruiting capacity of tree peony cv.‘Fengdan’ significantly decreased after removal of petals, stamens and stamens+petals.Meanwhile, the seeds per pod reduced 36.31%, 34.72% and 59.52%, and the dry mass of seeds per pod decreased 40.56%,42.90% and 54.29% than that of control.The starch and protein content of peony seeds were significantly affected by removal of the stamens and petals, the fatty acid composition of oil was also slightly affected,while the treatment had little effect on the seed crude fat content.These results indicated that the stamens and petals had important effects on the pollination and seeds initial development of tree peony, and picking stamens and petals might lead to the decrease of the yield of tree peony seeds in the production.