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- 2018
枣果黑斑病对南疆红枣品质的影响
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Abstract:
为了明确枣果黑斑病对红枣产量、外观及内在品质的影响。在新疆阿拉尔市第一师农科所枣园分别采集不同发病程度的‘骏枣’和‘灰枣’果实,对其外观及内在品质指标进行测定,同时使用超高效液相色谱—串联质谱仪对发病枣果中链格孢霉毒素种类和数量进行分析测定。结果表明:与健康枣果相比,发病‘骏枣’鲜果质量降低5.33%~45.61%,‘灰枣’鲜果质量略有增加,果形指数增加,但2个品种的红枣在硬度、质量含水量、L*(亮度)、△Eab(色差)等外观品质明显下降;维生素C质量分数、蛋白质、含糖量、可滴定酸等内在品质均明显下降。在‘骏枣’和‘灰枣’病果均检测到交链孢菌酮酸(TeA)、交链孢酚单甲醚(AME)和交链孢酚(AOH)3种毒素,未检测到交链孢烯(ALT)。黑斑病发生后对南疆红枣产量和品质均产生显著影响,同时枣果中含有3种链格孢霉毒素,影响红枣的安全食用。
In order to clarify the effect of the jujube black spot disease on jujube yield,appearance and internal quality.The cv.‘Juizao’ and cv.‘Huizao’ fruits with severity levels of different diseases were collected from jujube orchard in Alar city of Xinjiang and the appearance and quality index of these samples were measured.Meanwhile,the Alternaria toxins species and quantity were measured using the UPLC-MS/MS method.The results showed the fresh mass of diseased fruits of cv.‘Juizao’ reduced by 5.33%-45.61%,the fresh mass of diseased fruits of cv.‘Huizao’ increased slightly.The fruit shape index increased,the hardness,mass water content,L*(brightness),△Eab(NBS),etc fruit appearance quility and vitamin C,soluble protein,sugar content,titratable acid ,etc fruit internal quality significantly reduced.Three toxins,named tenuazonic acid(TeA),alternariol monomethyl ether(AME),alternariol(AOH) were detected in the cv.‘Junzao’ and diseased fruits of cv.‘Huizao’.The altenuene(ALT) was not detected.The black spot disease could affect yield and quality of jujube in south Xinjiang significantly,meanwhile,3 species Alternaria toxins were detected from the diseased fruits,these toxins will affect eating safty of the jujube fruit.