农村政策纵向扩散中的“悬浮”问题
Study on Policy “Suspension” in Rural Area

政策从出台到普及有一个逐步扩散的过程，其中区域内纵向扩散受不同层级政策主体及其相互之间关系的影响。在农村地区，文本性的政策内容传达至基层政府及基层干部后“悬浮”难以下沉，使底层受众对政策了解不充分、对基层政策传播工作不满意、行动上的政策响应度较弱。分析表明，干群关系疏离、意见领袖“位移”、农民缺乏主动获取政策信息的动力和能力、基层政策传播者缺位是导致农村政策“悬浮”的重要原因。因此，需要从发挥传统组织传播机制的作用、引导大众传媒发挥在农村政策传播中的积极功能、完善农村政策信息反馈机制、提升受众获取政策信息的能力和动力等方面加以改进，以促进多方政策主体的信息流通与互动。
Policy from the introduction to the popularity has a gradual diffusion process, in which the vertical diffusion of the region is influenced by different levels of policy subjects and their relationship with each other. In rural areas, the textual content of policy is “suspension” and difficult to sink after conveying to the grassroots government and cadres, making that the policy is not fully understood, the grassroots policy dissemination work is not satisfied, and the policy response is weak. Analysis shows that the alienation of relations between cadres and the masses, opinion leaders “displacement”, farmers lack initiative and ability to obtain policy information, lack of grass-roots policy propagation are important factors leading to “suspension” of the rural policy information. Therefore, it is necessary to improve playing the role of traditional organizational communication mechanism, guiding the mass media exert positive function in the spread of rural policies, perfecting rural policy information feedback mechanism, and enhancing the audience access to policy information, so as to promote the information flow and interaction of different policy subjects.