外部环境影响大学生村官成长的实证研究
Empirical Study on Effect of External Environment on Growth of College Graduates Serving as Village Leaders

外部环境对大学生村官的成长具有重要作用。在对全国大学生村官抽样调查的基础上,运用StataSE12.0统计软件,研究村落环境、政府环境、社会环境和家庭环境4个环境子系统组成的外部环境对大学生村官成长各个要素的影响性质和程度，其中成长要素为工作能力、人际沟通能力、性格成熟、思想觉悟等4个方面。研究结果表明:两委支持、教育培训机会、薪酬制度和父母支持对大学生村官成长的各个要素均呈显著地正相关影响;自然环境对工作能力没有显著影响,对人际沟通能力、性格成熟和思想觉悟3个因变量呈显著的正相关影响;编制问题的解决和创业基金扶持对工作能力有显著的正相关关系;村民家庭年收入对大学生村官的成长产生显著的负相关影响;媒体宣传对大学生村官的成长并没有显著影响;村民的正面评价相对于负面评价来说,更有利于大学生村官的成长。根据现实情况提出相应的解决对策:鼓励“两委”和父母对大学生村官工作的支持，适当参照公务员的薪酬制度，根据大学生村官现实特点和成长规律完善培训制度，应用替代政策解决因编制带来的问题，重设创业基金扶持的门槛，正确看待村落家庭收入与村落发展的关系，重新考究媒体宣传的必要性，加强沟通并正确引导村民的舆论导向，共同促进大学生村官的全面成长。
External environment play an important role in the growth of college graduates serving as village leaders. Based on a national sample survey of college graduates serving as village leaders and using StataSE12.0 statistics, this paper studied how the four factors of external environment including village, government, social and family environment affected the growth of college graduates serving as village leaders in four aspects of the growth of college graduates serving as village leaders like work ability, interpersonal communication skills, personality mature and ideological consciousness. The results show that: village committees support, education and training opportunities, remuneration system and parental support have significant positive effects on their growth. The natural environment has no significant effect on their work ability, but it has a significant positive influence on their interpersonal communication skills, personality maturity and ideological consciousness. Resolving the staffing issues and supporting venture fund have significant positive effects on their work ability; the annual income of villager families has a significant negative effect on their growth; media propaganda has no significant effect; positive comments of villagers are more conducive to their growth than negative comments. According the reality, the paper proposes the measures: encouraging village committees and parents to support the work of the college graduates serving as village leaders; making a salary system for them according that of the government employees’; consummating the training system based on their characteristics and growth pattern; applying alternative policy to solve the problem of non-staffing; resetting the threshold of venture fund support; making a correct view on the relationship between family income and village development; reviewing the necessity of media propaganda; and strengthening communication and guiding properly the public opinions of villagers.