资本下乡与新中农争地的社会后果研究
Research on Social Consequences of Fight for Land Between External Capital and New Middle Peasants

农民自发的土地流转模式催生出一批以耕种从亲朋好友间低价流转的地为生的在村新中农。夫妻俩以劳动力最大限度为界,通过经营适度规模的土地获得体面的村庄生活(新中农)。与此同时,在农村人口大量流出的背景下,这批在村种地农民变成村庄的中坚力量,成为村庄治理中的主体。然而,以政府主导、为吸引资本下乡所进行的土地流转正在摧毁这批中坚力量,还让外出务工村民长期处于失地状态。文章认为,农业政策应该致力于改善农业耕种条件,并守住耕地,保护好进城失败农民的最后退路，而非支持资本下乡打败新中农。
Farmers’ spontaneous land circulation patterns have spawned a number of new middle peasants whose farming land is transferred from friends with low cost. Couples can have a decent village life by farming a moderate scale of land, which is decided by a labor to the greatest extent. At the same time, in the background of a large rural population outflow, the middle peasants are the main force in villages and become the main village governance. However, the government led land transfer aimed at attracting external capital is destroying the new middle peasants, which makes middle peasants have no land to farm and lots of peasants landless. The article points out that the government should rather focus on improving farming conditions and encouraging new middle peasants than support capital to fight with middle peasants, and protecting the farmland for the last route retreat of migrant workers.