社会经济地位与城乡居民健康差异
Different Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Urban and Rural Residents’ Health

基于2010年中国综合社会调查（CGSS）数据，探讨了基于城乡不同制度安排下社会经济地位对居民健康水平的回报。回归分析发现：尽管总体上城市居民的健康状况要好于农村居民，但在控制社会经济地位等变量后，农村居民要强于城市居民；更重要的是社会经济地位对城乡居民健康的影响机制是存在差异的，教育、收入对农村居民的回报大于对城市居民。进而，添加年龄组后，发现经济社会地位对城乡居民健康影响在不同人群中也会有所不同。为缩小城乡居民之间的健康差异，应着力提升农村居民的收入和教育水平，促进城乡协调发展。
Based on the date from China General Social Survey (CGSS) 2010, the thesis analyzes the health return of the socioeconomic status under different institutional arrangements in urban and rural areas. With the ordered logistic regression analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn: first of all, compared with the rural residents, the urban residents’ health is better in general, while after controlling the socioeconomic status factors, the rural residents’ health is better. More importantly, the way socioeconomic status influences health is different between the two kinds of residents. Specifically, the rural residents’ education and income has higher health return than the urban residents. After adding the age groups, the socioeconomic status has different health impacts on different age groups in the two areas. As a result, to reduce the health gap between residents in urban and rural areas, the government needs to improve the rural residents’ income and education, and to promote the harmonious development of urban and rural areas.