农场主经历对农场发展影响的实证分析
Empirical Analysis of Impact of Farmers’ Experience on Development of Their Farms

将农场主按具有相关务农经历、相关非农经历和相关多元经历分三种类型进行对比,基于中部地区某县家庭农场的调查数据,综合运用方差齐性检验、均值多重分析-LSD和Tamhane’s等方法及SPSS20.0软件,探讨农场主先前经历对家庭农场基本特征、经营种类和经营业绩的影响。结果表明,农场主先前经历对其家庭成员数不存在显著影响,但对家庭农场长期雇工数、初期投入资金规模和经营土地面积等存在不同程度的影响。农场主先前经历对家庭农场经营种类选择和经营绩效有显著影响。多元经历型农场主往往热衷于创办投资规模大、收益高、见效快的综合类项目,经营绩效最优;非农经历型农场趋向于选择投入和风险水平较低的种养结合类项目,经营绩效次之;务农经历型农场则趋向于选择单纯种植或养殖类项目,经营绩效相对最差。
This paper divided the farmers into three categories: farmers with relative farming experience, farmers with relative non farming experience and farmers with relative multiple experience and make comparison among them. Based on the data of family farms survey concluded from a certain county in central area, it utilizes several methods such as Homogeneity Test of Variances, Mean Multiple Analysis LSD and software SPSS20.0 to study the impact of farmer’s previous experience on the basic characteristics of their farms’ lines of business and performance of business. The result turns out that the previous experience of a farmer doesn’t have significant influence on the number of his family members, but has various effect on the number of long term hired workers, fund scale of initial investment and area of operating land. The previous experience of a farmer has appreciable impact on his option of lines of business. Farmers with multiple experience opt to establish and invest integrated project with large scale, with high return and quick result, and they have the best performance. Farmers with relative non farming experience opt for combining project of raising and planting with low invest and risk, and they have good performance. Famers with relative non farming experience opt for single raising or planting project which have the worst performance.