农民理性与民主:现实面相、作用机理与影响效应——基于湖北5个村庄公共事务治理实践的调查
Reason of Peasantry and Democracy: Reality Physiognomy, Affecting Mechanism and Effect——Based on Investigation of Public Affairs Governance of Five Villages in Hubei

理性是民主的一大前提。依据湖北5个村庄1 152份有效问卷数据和半结构访谈资料,归纳了农民多元理性叠加和民主不均衡生长的现实面相,运用定量分析方法探寻了农民理性对民主的作用机理和影响效应。研究显示,农民理性的构成要素是交易理性、个体理性、公共理性和关系理性,其中前三者对民主具有显著的促进作用,说明农民的经济理性和政治理性同时对其政治行为产生了积极影响,农民的理性化和对多元理性的包容有助于民主质量的提升。其现实价值在于如何强化农民理性对民主的影响效应。
Reason is the prerequisite of democracy. This article summaries the reality of overlapping multiple reason of peasants and the growing imbalanced democracy on the basis of 1 152 valid questionnaires and semi structured interview of 5 villages in Hubei, explores the affecting mechanism and effects of reason of the peasantry on democracy with quantitative analysis method. The research suggests that the key factors of the reason of the peasantry are trading reason, individual reason, public reason and relational reason, specifically the first three factors promote the democracy apparently, which implies that both economic reason and political reason of peasants have positive effect on their political behavior, peasants rationalization and inclusive multiple reason can improve the quality of democracy. The practical value of that lies in how to reinforce the impact of peasants’ reason towards democracy.